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Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download
ABSTRACT
This project aims to come-up with a mechanism which can be used for making the parking of a two-wheeler on center stand...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/manually-operated-pneumatically-driven-center-stand-report-download/" aria-label="View Post: Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/manually-operated-pneumatically-driven-center-stand-report-download\/","articleBody":"Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download\r\nABSTRACT\r\nThis project aims to come-up with a mechanism which can be used for making the parking of a two-wheeler on center stand an easier task.\r\n\u201cManually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand\u201d essentially eliminates the hassles of dragging a two wheeler on the center stand. Due to high amount of effort needed for parking the two-wheeler on a center stand, most of the people park it on side stand. Parking on a side stand uses up more space. Moreover, the big cities have a great problem of scarcity of parking space.\r\nThe proposed pneumatic stand uses an air cylinder which is attached in place of the conventional stand and is driven with the help of an air pump. A limited number of pump-strokes should be sufficient to put the bike on center stand with a good stability.\r\nThis project makes use of a very simple mechanism and is economical to manufacture. It is basically a POC (Proof of Concept) and demonstrates the possibility of using a pneumatic system as a center stand.\r\nProblem Statement\r\nIn general, two wheelers have a regular stand pivotally connected to a stand holder at the bottom. When a two wheeler is stopped, the stand is kicked to the extended position (operative position) to support the two wheeler on the ground and the vehicle is required to be lifted \/ pulled back to be mounted on the stand in order to park it. The users, especially aged people and ladies are not able to pull back the two-wheeler on the stand comfortably. Furthermore, it is difficult to move the stand of a two wheeler between the operative position and the non operative position when in a narrow area.\r\nThe design which ever may be developed should give the two wheeler stability and secondly the design should cause least or no modifications to the existing two-wheeler design.\r\n\r\nBefore designing the actual stand we calculated some standard result on Bajaj Pulsar DTSi-150cc. This vehicle is the heaviest vehicle in its class. We used standard load cells available in the market to make the measurements and we used a standard manual to note down the various dimensions.\r\nWHEN BALANCING THE VEHICLE ON:\r\n\r\n \tFRONT WHEEL = 686.7 N\r\n \tREAR WHEEL = 815 N\r\n \tCENTRE STAND = 1226.2N\r\n \tGROUND CLEARANCE 165 mm (without stand)\r\n \tGROUND CLEARANCE 215mm (with stand)\r\n \tLENGHT 1990 mm\r\n \tWIDTH 790 mm\r\n \tHEIGHT 1100 mm\r\n \tWHEEL BASE 1320mm\r\n \tMINIMUM TURNING RADIUS 2250mm\r\n \tVEHICLE KERB WEIGHT 143kg\r\n \tVEHICLE GROSS WEIGHT 273 kg\r\n \tMAXIMUM SPEED 115kmph\r\n \tCLIMBING ABILITY 28% AT 16 DEGREE MAX\r\n\r\n Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download\r\nCONCLUSION\r\nWith the help of this project it has been successfully demonstrated that, the existing center-stand for any two-wheeler can be replaced by a pneumatic system. Hence, the parking of a two-wheeler on a center stand can be made much easier with the help of this and hence can solve lot of parking \/ parking space related problems.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nManually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report PDF Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nMachine Tool , Manufacturing Projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nProject Sample report , Final report Download\r\nStructural analysis and Design 3d Model Projects\r\nProduct Ideas , Innovative Machine Ideas Projects\r\nWater Pump Projects\r\nSheet Metal Fabrication Projects\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Manually Operated Pneumatically Driven Center Stand Report Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-20","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Manually-Operated-Pneumatically-Driven-Center-Stand-Report-Download-189x300.jpg","height":300,"width":189},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//m.gunkrazy.com/auto-charging-solar-grinding-machine-report-free-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/solar-powered-auto-charging-grinding-machine-300x197.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/auto-charging-solar-grinding-machine-report-free-download/">Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download
Abstract
The Machine we designed and fabricated is used for grinding any shape of object like Circular, Rectangular, and Polygon. In our...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/auto-charging-solar-grinding-machine-report-free-download/" aria-label="View Post: Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/auto-charging-solar-grinding-machine-report-free-download\/","articleBody":"Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download\r\nAbstract\r\nThe Machine we designed and fabricated is used for grinding any shape of object like Circular, Rectangular, and Polygon. In our project grinding machine is used to grinding the different types of material. The grinding machine is rotated by the single phase induction motor. Hence our project namely solar powered auto charging grinding machine is a Special type of Machine. According to the type of material to be grind, the grinding tool can be changed.\r\nThis project gives details of grinding various shapes and sizes of components. This machine can be widely applied in almost all type of industries. By varying the pulley sizes I can get a high end speed of over 10,000 rpm if needed. The only change I would make is to have a totally enclosed motor to keep out the grit.\r\nIntroduction\r\nOur project is design and fabrication of auto charging grinding machine. It is used to grind the machining surfaces to super Finish and accuracy. The principle parts of this attachment are main body, motor with pulley, bearings, rope pulley and alternator etc. Manufacturing is derived from the Latin word manufactures, means made by hand. In modern involves making products from raw material by using various processes, by making use of hand tools, machinery or even computers. It is therefore a study of the processes required to make parts and to assemble them in machines.The study of manufacturing reveals those parameters which can be most efficiently being influenced to increase production and raise its accuracy.\r\nGrinding is a metal removal process that employs an abrasive GW whose cutting elements are grains of abrasive materials of high hardness and high refractoriness The sharp-edged and hard grains are held together by bonding material. Projecting grains (Figure 1) abrade layers of metal from the work in the form of very minute chips as the\r\nwheel rotes at high speeds of up to 60 m\/s.\r\nSURFACE GRINDING OPERATIONS\r\n\r\n \tRough grinding\r\n \tPrecision grinding\r\n \tSurface grinding\r\n \tCylindrical grinding\r\n \tForm grinding &amp; Profile grinding\r\n \tPlunge cut grinding\r\n\r\n solar powered auto charging grinding machine\r\nWorking Principle\r\nThis concept contains simple arrangements. It consists of grinding wheel, solar panel, battery, motor etc. The grinding wheel is fixed on a motor shaft. The battery, solar panel and grinding wheel arrangements are mounted on assembly box. The solar panel generates the power supply from direct sunlight. Then the generated energy is stored in the batteries. The store energy in the battery is used to run the motor. The grinding wheels are fixed at the motor shaft. The motor shaft rotates the grinding wheel. A handle is placed with spring arrangement to move the grinding wheel up and down. In idle time the motor is switch off by the manual process.\r\nAdvantages\r\n\r\n \tCheapest method\r\n \tUsage of solar energy\r\n \tLow power consumption\r\n \tAvailable source\r\n\r\nDisadvantage\r\n\r\n \tSolar energy is only available in day time.\r\n\r\nApplications\r\n\r\n \tUsed small scale industries\r\n \tPattern shops\r\n \tLathe workshops for make surface finish in specimens\r\n\r\nConclusion\r\nThe solar grinding machine is designed, fabricated and tested. This machine does not employees any use of power equipments such as DC motors and it is fully human operated . The use of this machine makes the grinding process faster hence reduce most of the time and labour required to operate the machine is also less. This machine is helpful for small as well as big firms. This human powered machine will help to improve an economical condition. This is new type of machine which is different to the other grinding machine which are used for grinding purpose till now.\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nAuto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nMachine Tool , Manufacturing Projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nProject Sample report , Final report Download\r\nSolar Energy , Solar Operated Projects\r\nHydraulic Jack Projects\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\nDesign and Fabrication projects - Abstract , Report Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Auto Charging Solar Grinding Machine Report Free Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/solar-powered-auto-charging-grinding-machine-300x197.jpg","height":197,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-optimization-of-hybrid-gearbox-report-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/hybrid-spur-gear-mechanical-projects-300x194.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-optimization-of-hybrid-gearbox-report-download/">Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download
ABSTRACT
This study develops an optimization technique for a sinusoidal interlock design of a hybrid spur gear consisting of a metallic...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-optimization-of-hybrid-gearbox-report-download/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-optimization-of-hybrid-gearbox-report-download\/","articleBody":"Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download\r\nABSTRACT\r\nThis study develops an optimization technique for a sinusoidal interlock design of a hybrid spur gear consisting of a metallic outer ring to support high contact stress bonded to a composite inner web for weight reduction. Two objectives (mass and shear traction on the metal-composite interface under static loading conditions) were minimized for four design variables subject to two constraints. Borg MOEA, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm developed at The Pennsylvania State University, and an in-house finite element solver were used to generate Pareto-optimal solutions to this design problem. Two of the designs were then analyzed in greater detail to determine stress distributions throughout the gear. In the future, this technique will be refined and applied to optimization of more representative rotorcraft gears, with the aim of reducing drive train weight and meeting performance requirements.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nComposite materials have been increasingly considered for use in rotorcraft drive system components due to their high strength to weight ratio, providing a means for significant weight reductions while maintaining overall strength. This was originally considered for large components like housings (Ref. 1) and drive shafts (Ref. 2). More recently, this has been extended to gearing with the hybrid (steel-composite) gear, which replaces the steel in the gear web with a lightweight carbon fiber composite. Original studies (Refs. 3,4) were conducted on a 88.9 mm (3.50 in) pitch diameter spur gear that featured a design where a hexagonal void was machined out of the gear web leaving the metallic tooth ring and hub.\r\n\r\nThe void was replaced by the carbon fiber composite. These studies focused on vibration characterization and endurance testing of the hybrid gear. Later studies using this design focused on multi-scale modeling of the composite material (Ref. 5) and loss-of-lubrication performance of the gear (Ref. 6). The loss-of-lubrication tests showed failure of the composite material at stress concentrations that exist at the corners of the hexagonal web. These initial studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of the hybrid gear concept and a design optimization was not performed.\r\n\r\nGears are mechanical components used for transmitting motion and torque from one shaft to another. Ever since invention of rotating machines, gears existed. Early records states that around 2600 BC Chinese used gears to measure the speeds of chariots. In 250 B.C Archimedes used a screw to drive toothed wheels which were used in engines of war. In 4 century B.C., Aristotle used gears to simulate astronomical ratios. Greek and Roman literatures mention the extensive use of gears in clocks of cathedrals and ecclesiastical buildings.\r\nDESIGN &amp; OPTIMIZATION\r\nThe proposed design of the spur gear features a sinusoidal interlock and an integral shaft. There are four separate components that make up the design: a web composite, two outer composite components and a metallic outer tooth ring. This design can be seen in Figure 1. Notice that the integral shaft is not shown in the figure. Instead during the optimization this diameter remained fixed and zero displacement boundary conditions were enforced at this surface.\r\nThe effects of loading on the gear teeth are not of interest here so the geometry for optimization was replaced by a gear blank with an outer diameter equal to the pitch diameter of the gear. This may change the magnitude of the stresses at the interface and may affect the magnitude of the mass, but the simplified gear blank provides a test article for developing the optimization technique. Future work will investigate the effect of gear teeth on the optimal solutions. Sinusoidal Interlock The sinusoidal interlock that defines the compositemetallic interface is defined analytically by Equation 1, where r is the radial coordinate, Rc is the radius of the centerline, A is the amplitude of the curve, Nc is the number of cycles in the sinusoid, \u03b8 is the angle and \u03c6 is a phase shift which will rotate the curve in-plane relative to the location of load application.\r\n\r\n hybrid spur gear mechanical projects\r\nEXPECTED CONCLUSIONS\r\nIn this project an optimization technique was presented to perform a design optimization on a 88.9 mm (3.5 in) pitch diameter hybrid spur gear. The design features a sinusoidal interlock that separates a composite web from a metallic tooth ring. Two outer composites are included, overlapping this interface. The design also features an integral composite shaft for maximum weight savings. Four geometric design variables are varied as part of the optimization, subject to two constraints.\r\nThe objectives are to minimize the gear mass and the interfacial shear tractions. Borg MOEA was used to perform the optimization and determine the Pareto-optimal set of solutions. The optimization was run for 500,000 function evaluations and resulted in a set of six optimal designs. The optimization results show that changes can be made to the ranges of some of the design variables for future analyses.\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload :\u00a0\r\nDesign and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nRobotic and automation projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nDesign and Fabrication projects - Abstract , Report Download\r\nProject Sample report , Final report Download\r\nStructural analysis and Design 3d Model Projects\r\nTheoretical Project, Experimental Based projects\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Design and Optimization Of Hybrid Gearbox Report Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-18","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/hybrid-spur-gear-mechanical-projects-300x194.jpg","height":194,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-electric-scooter-report-download/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Electric-Scooter-report-Download.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-electric-scooter-report-download/">Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download
ABSTRACT
In today’s world, the infrastructure of College and Industries are becoming large so if one has to travel or visit from one...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-electric-scooter-report-download/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-electric-scooter-report-download\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download\r\nABSTRACT\r\nIn today\u2019s world, the infrastructure of College and Industries are becoming large so if one has to travel or visit from one place to another he has to walk a long distance and sometimes it becomes very hasty and inconvenient. Sometimes after too many travelling on campus, it causes strain and pain in the body. So to travel these distances two-wheeled or three-wheeled electric scooter like Segway PT, Irrway were introduced. But, these scooters are very costly such as they start from \u20b9 50,000. Another problem with that vehicle is that they are difficult to handle when we drive the first time. So in alternate to this product, we developed whole newly designed product and this is Reliable, Eco-friendly, a Compact vehicle for the campus. Its utilities are college campus, Airports, Industries, Recreational Parks, Sanctuaries, Museums, Palaces, Villas etc. So our project is on design and fabrication of three-wheel vehicle and also its multipurpose utility among the society.\r\nThe concept of the model taken from children\u2019s scooter bicycle. The complete body looks like a scooter bicycle in which platform is provided for standing and driving the powered scooter. This product is a battery powered and motor-driven vehicle. The scooter is intended to use in indoors areas as well as in outdoor areas, due to the absence of any type of pollution causing drive mechanism such as petrol engines.\r\nAN ELECTRIC SCOOTER\r\nAn electric scooter is a battery-operated one-person capacity vehicle which is specially designed for people with low mobility. It is generally used by those who have difficulty in walking for long periods of time. Scooters are available in three common designs, those intended for indoor use, those for outdoor use, and those that are used for both.\r\nAn electric scooter may have three wheels or four. Since it runs on battery power, it does not create pollution. A typical electric scooter requires a pair of batteries, but the batteries are rechargeable. The length of time an electric scooter can run on each charge depends significantly on its battery's type, rating and capacity. The most common batteries are advertised to run for about eight hours, and between 20-30 miles, before needs to be charged.\r\nSome people are a little wary of purchasing an electric scooter because they fear it will be difficult to operate. In fact, the control console makes it quite simple once a person gets the feel for it. Electric scooters are also equipped with advanced brake systems, so stopping is simple and comfortable. The brake begins to engage as soon as the operator lets off the throttle, so there is little chance for abrupt or jarring stops. Most scooters also have a parking brake to keep the electric scooter from rolling when parked.\r\nPROBLEM STATEMENT\r\nNowadays, small scooter becomes popular especially during recreation time, relaxing and for human exercise after they had faced their office job. There is a lot of scooter type around us like have seated or stand while riding the scooter. Most of that is operation by motor electric or just using our leg to move scooter like playing skate board.\r\nThe problem is, most of that scooter is not flexible although it is already small. Even though some manufacturer make it can be flip, but there is just only a few part to be that like seat, handle, and sometime arm bar. Most of flip small scooter are operate by swinging rider leg to move it. Some of the scooter looked not so ergonomic and cannot be use for a long time.\r\nEven for an electric scooter, most of that can\u2019t be flip. Usually just their seat and handle can be up and down to flip. Sometime this will cause a lot of space for storage and difficult to bring far from house like to put it into the car and so on.\r\nOBJECTIVES\r\nThe objectives of our project are:\r\n\u2022 To reduce time and fasten the movement\r\n\u2022 To reduce the use of non-renewable energy sources\r\n\u2022 To control the pollution\r\n\u2022 To be used for transportation on airports, colleges and at places of tourists interests.\r\nSCOPE OF WORK\r\nThe following studies are including in the design and development of single seater electric scooter:\r\ni. Literature study\r\nii. Conceptual design\r\niii. CAE analysis\r\niv. Fabrication model refinement\r\nv. Material Selection\r\nvi. Prototype Development\r\nvii. Running\r\nviii. Report preparation\r\n\r\n Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download\r\n\r\nADVANTAGES\r\n\r\nA Electric Scooter has following advantages:\r\n\u2022 It is Eco-Friendly.\r\n\u2022 It can easily be used for short-distance travels i.e. College tours, factory tours etc.\r\n\u2022 The Electric Scooter has a predictable surface that is much easier to negotiate than sidewalks, curbs or trails and the risk of tripping is reduced.\r\n\u2022 Multiple users can use the same equipment without adjusting the structure.\r\n\u2022 It can be used at the places where is the risk of contamination due to emission.\r\nDISADVANTAGES\r\nA Electric Scooter has following disadvantages:\r\n\u2022 On sudden application of brakes jerking and accident can occur.\r\n\u2022 Main disadvantage of Electric Scooter is its discharging battery. Due to sudden discharge of battery in between of travelling many problems are faced.\r\n\u2022 Not optimal for long distance.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDownload\u00a0\r\nDesign and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report pdf Download\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nAutomobile Engineering Projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nMachine Tool , Manufacturing Projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nProject Sample report , Final report Download\r\nBest Low Cost Mechanical Projects\r\nProduct Ideas , Innovative Machine Ideas Projects\r\nSimple , Easy mechanical projectsManually Hand Operated projectsAffordable low budget ProjectsMini low cost Projects\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Electric Scooter report Download","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Electric-Scooter-report-Download.jpg","height":273,"width":276},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-tricycle-for-physically-challenged-and-elder-people/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Tricycle-for-Physically-Challenged-and-Elder-People-300x274.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-tricycle-for-physically-challenged-and-elder-people/">Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People
Abstract
In this project the development of traditional manual operated tricycle is rear wheel drive in which chain...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/design-and-fabrication-of-tricycle-for-physically-challenged-and-elder-people/" aria-label="View Post: Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/design-and-fabrication-of-tricycle-for-physically-challenged-and-elder-people\/","articleBody":"Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People\r\nAbstract\r\nIn this project the development of traditional manual operated tricycle is rear wheel drive in which chain drive mechanism replaced with single slider drive mechanism. The design concept of this model is taken from manually operated tricycle and railroad car. This wheelchair cum tricycle is useful for handicapped person. This modified tricycle gives the both advantages of wheelchair (for short distance or in-door use) as well as tricycle (for long distance use) in one machine. The transmission power and motion takes place from steering bar to rear wheel through linkages and rotating disc. Modification of this tricycle by single slider drive mechanism is used to transmit power that make the tricycle faster at fewer efforts as compared to existing tricycle. This paper provides the details of components used &amp; designing parameters takes in consideration while designing tricycle. This wheelchair cum tricycle is very efficiently design and can be proved as better replacement for tricycle having chain drive mechanism.\r\nIntroduction\r\nThe conventional hand powered tricycle in the Indian market used by the aged and differentially abled (orthopedic) person considered for evaluation in this work. The existing conventional tricycle consumes high energy for paddling. In case of terrain climbing more energy is required for driving. So the orthopedic person gets exhausted. The current design also lacks ergonomic comfort as the crank is kept fixed and the non adjustable seat which leads to back pain and muscle fatigue. This paper aims at proposing new alternate design which overcomes all the limitations in the current design. The new design is provided with features of adjustable back rest, foot rest, and adjustable crank and related accessories. Thus the improved design meets the ergonomic issues which were lagging in the current design.\r\nIn terms of mechanical efficiency and cardio-respiratory response, arm-crank propulsion is superior to hand-rim propulsion. During all operations such as mounting dismounting and riding including sitting, pedaling, steering and braking, the arm-crank propelled tricycle is ergonomically suitable and comfortable to the user.\r\n\r\nObjective of the project\r\n\r\n \tTo study the various types of tricycle\r\n \tDescribe the construction and working of various parts of our project\r\n \tDesign the various parts of our project\r\n \tFabrication of the demonstration model\r\n\r\nWorking of tricycle\r\nThe tricycle accelerates to go in forward direction by pulling and pushing the steering rod in backward and front direction as shown in figure 1. For reverse motion apply the force on steering bar in front direction as shown in figure 2. Then pull the steering bar in backward direction and continue the process of pulling and pushing the steering rod in backward and front direction to accelerate the tricycle in reverse motion as shown in figure 2.\r\n\r\n Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People\r\nTesting of Machine\r\nMaterials used basically in mechanical design and construction seldom requires various test and balance in both its static and dynamic as well as its physical and mechanical properties to enable their state standard and efficient use in load bearing with or without load application.\r\nAs a result of the testing factors, static test has confirmed the tricycle stability, properly aligned, since all the extra weights was installed as low as possible to the centre of gravity of the tricycle.\r\nConclusion\r\nChain drive mechanism is replaced by Single slider mechanism is used to transmit power for driving tricycle which is most useful and economical as compared to the other tricycle. This tricycle is mostly useful for elder and handicapped people. Design of tricycle is simple, easy to operate and maintenance is very less. The operational efforts required less and hence single slider mechanism is an advantage of the tricycle.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nRobotic and automation projects List - Abstract , Report\r\nPower and Electricity Generation Projects\r\nMachine Shop Projects List , Abstract\r\nHydraulic Jack Projects\r\nNew Mechanical Projects 2020 ( All Projects Post Index List )\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"Design and Fabrication of Tricycle for Physically Challenged and Elder People","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-13","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Design-and-Fabrication-of-Tricycle-for-Physically-Challenged-and-Elder-People-300x274.jpg","height":274,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <article class="article-card horizontal "> <a href="//m.gunkrazy.com/what-are-the-sensor-and-transducers-specifications/" rel="nofollow"><div class="image-container" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/non-linearity-error-300x274.jpg')"></div><span class="sr-only">link to What are the Sensor and transducers specifications</span></a><div class="copy-container"><header><p><a style="color: #ff392e!important" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/what-are-the-sensor-and-transducers-specifications/">What are the Sensor and transducers specifications</a></p></header><div class="excerpt"><p>What are the Sensor and transducers specifications
Sensor/transducers specifications
Transducers or measurement systemsare not perfect systems. Mechatronics design engineer must know the capability...</p><div class="button-container"><a rel="nofollow" class="button reverse" href="//m.gunkrazy.com/what-are-the-sensor-and-transducers-specifications/" aria-label="View Post: What are the Sensor and transducers specifications">View Post</a></div></div></div></article> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","name":"What are the Sensor and transducers specifications","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/what-are-the-sensor-and-transducers-specifications\/","articleBody":"What are the Sensor and transducers specifications\r\nSensor\/transducers specifications\r\nTransducers or measurement systemsare not perfect systems. Mechatronics design engineer must know the capability and shortcoming of a transducer or measurement system to properly assess its performance. These are a number of performance related parameters of a transducer or measurement system. These parameters are called as sensor specifications.\r\n\r\nSensor specifications inform the user about deviations from the ideal behavior of the sensors. Following are the various specifications of a sensor\/transducer system.\r\nRange\r\n\r\nThe range of a sensor indicates the limits between which the input can vary. Thus, for example, a thermocouple for the measurement of temperature might have a range of 25-225\u00b0C.\r\n\r\nSpan\r\n\r\nThe span is difference between the maximum and minimum values of the input. Thus, the above-mentioned thermocouple will have a span of 200\u00b0C.\r\n\r\nError\r\n\r\nError is the difference between the result of the measurement and the true value of the quantity being measured. A sensor might give a displacement reading of 29.8 mm, when the actual displacement had been 30 mm, then the error is - 0.2 mm.\r\n\r\nAccuracy\r\n\r\nThe accuracy defines the closeness of the agreement between the actual measurement result and a true value of the measurand. It is often expressed as a percentage of the full range output or full\u2013scale deflection. A piezoelectric transducer used to evaluate dynamic pressure phenomena associated with explosions, pulsations, or dynamic pressure conditions in motors, rocket engines, compressors, and other pressurized devices is capable to detect pressures between 0.1 and 10,000 psig (0.7 KPa to 70 MPa). If it is specified with the accuracy of about\u00b11% full scale, then the reading given can be expected to be within \u00b1 0.7 MPa.\r\n\r\nSensitivity\r\n\r\nSensitivity of a sensor is defined as the ratio of change in output value of a sensor to the per unit change in input value that causes the output change.For example, a general purpose thermocouple may have a sensitivity of 41\u00a0\u00b5V\/\u00b0C.\r\n\r\nNonlinearity\r\n\r\n non linearity error\r\n\r\nThe nonlinearity indicates the maximum deviation of the actual measured curve of a sensor from the ideal curve. Figure 2.1.1 shows a somewhat exaggerated relationship between the ideal, or least squares fit, line and the actual measured or calibration line. Linearity is often specified in terms of percentage of nonlinearity, which is defined as:\r\n\r\nNonlinearity (%) = Maximum deviation in input \u2044 Maximum full scale input (2.1.1)\r\n\r\nThe static nonlinearity defined by Equation 2.1.1 is dependent upon environmental factors, including temperature, vibration, acoustic noise level, and humidity. Therefore it is important to know under what conditions the specification is valid.\r\n\r\nHysteresis\r\n\r\nThe hysteresis is an error of a sensor, which is defined as the maximum difference in output at any measurement value within the sensor's specified range when approaching the point first with increasing and then with decreasing the input parameter. Figure 2.1.2 shows the hysteresis error might have occurred during measurement of temperature using a thermocouple. The hysteresis error value is normally specified as a positive or negative percentage of the specified input range.\r\n\r\n hysteresis\r\n\r\nResolution\r\n\r\nResolution is the smallest detectable incremental change of input parameter that can be detected in the output signal. Resolution can be expressed either as a proportion of the full-scale reading or in absolute terms.For example, if a LVDT sensor measures a displacement up to 20 mm and it provides an output as a number between 1 and 100 then the resolution of the sensor device is 0.2 mm.\r\n\r\nStability\r\n\r\nStability is the ability of a sensor device to give same output when used to measure a constant input over a period of time. The term \u2018drift\u2019 is used to indicate the change in output that occurs over a period of time. It is expressed as the percentage of full range output.\r\n\r\nDead band\/time\r\n\r\nThe dead band or dead space of a transducer is the range of input values for which there is no output. The dead time of a sensor device is the time duration from the application of an input until the output begins to respond or change.\r\n\r\nRepeatability\r\n\r\nIt specifies the ability of a sensor to give same output for repeated applications of same input value. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the full range output:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nRepeatability = (maximum \u2013 minimum values given) X 100\/full range\r\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (2.1.2)\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nResponse time\r\n\r\nResponse time describes the speed of change in the output on a step-wise change of the measurand. It is always specified with an indication of input step and the output range for which the response time is defined.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMore Resources \/articles\r\nMechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles\r\nMechatronics System Notes , article , Interview Que and Ans\r\nTechnical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","headline":"What are the Sensor and transducers specifications","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachin Thorat","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/"},"datePublished":"2019-10-12","mainEntityOfPage":"False","dateModified":"February 18, 2020","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/non-linearity-error-300x274.jpg","height":274,"width":300},"publisher":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Organization","name":"Learn Mechanical Engineering","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"\/\/m.gunkrazy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300x300.png","height":600,"width":60}}}</script> <nav class="pagination-wrapper" aria-label="article pagination"> <a class="prev page-numbers" href="?page_num=17">&laquo; PREV</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=1"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>1</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=16"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>16</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=17"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>17</a> <span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>18</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=19"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>19</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=20"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>20</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">&hellip;</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="?page_num=338"><span class="screen-reader-text">Page </span>338</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="?page_num=19">NEXT &raquo;</a></nav></section></main><aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"><div class="about-wrapper"><h2 class="widget-title" style="background: #d693c6; color: #ff392e">About Us</h2><div class="about-image" style="background-image: url('//m.gunkrazy.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Sachin-Thorat-300x300-min.png')"></div><p class="about-copy">LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. 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